| 552 | 1 | 447 |
| 下载次数 | 被引频次 | 阅读次数 |
为探究外显风险态度与内隐风险态度之间的内在联系及其对不安全行为的影响，以建筑工人为研究对象，编制了风险态度量表来测量建筑工人的外显风险态度；同时，结合单类内隐联想测试对建筑工人的内隐风险态度进行了测量。结果表明：建筑工人的外显风险态度与内隐风险态度之间存在正相关关系；外显和内隐风险态度共同影响着建筑工人的不安全行为，且内隐风险态度对不安全行为的影响效果高于外显风险态度，高内隐风险态度的建筑工人不安全行为发生的次数更少；具有高外显-高内隐风险态度的建筑工人的安全素养最高，个体不安全行为发生的次数最少，低外显-高内隐、高外显-低内隐次之，低外显-低内隐风险态度的建筑工人不安全行为发生的次数最多。该研究结果对减少生产过程中个体不安全行为的发生次数以及降低生产事故率具有重要意义。
Abstract：To investigate the intrinsic relationship between explicit and implicit risk attitudes and their impact on unsafe behaviors, this study focused on construction workers. We developed a risk attitude scale to measure the explicit risk attitudes of construction workers. We combined the “single category implicit association test” to measure the implicit risk attitudes of construction workers. The results are as follows: there is a positive correlation between construction workers' explicit and implicit risk attitudes; both explicit and implicit risk attitudes jointly influence construction workers' unsafe behaviors, with implicit risk attitudes exerting a stronger impact than explicit ones, and construction workers with higher implicit risk attitudes exhibit fewer occurrences of unsafe behaviors; construction workers characterized by a high explicit-high implicit risk attitude structure demonstrate the highest safety literacy and the lowest occurrence of individual unsafe behaviors, followed by those with low explicit-high implicit and high explicit-low implicit attitudes, while workers with low levels in both categories exhibit the highest frequency of unsafe behaviors. The results of this study are significant for reducing the incidence of individual unsafe behaviors during production processes and lowering the rate of production accidents.
[1]邓娇娇，陈晨，刘洋.建筑工人安全/不安全行为研究的回溯与展望：基于知识图谱分析[J].安全与环境工程，2021, 28(5):27-35.DENG J J, CHEN C, LIU Y. Retrospect and prospect of research on safety/unsafe behavior of construction workers:Analysis based on knowledge map[J]. Safety and Environmental Engineering, 2021, 28(5):27-35.
[2] FANG D, ZHAO C, ZHANG M. A cognitive model of construction workers’ unsafe behaviors[J]. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 2016, 142(9):04016039.
[3]居婕，杨高升，杨鹏.建筑工人不安全行为影响因子分析及控制措施研究[J].中国安全生产科学技术，2013, 9(11):179-184.JU J, YANG G S, YANG P. Study on influence factor and control measures for unsafe behavior of construction workers[J]. Journal of Safety Science and Technology, 2013, 9(11):179-184.
[4] MOHAJERI M, ARDESHIR A, MALEKITABAR H. Diagnostic intervention program based on construction workers’ internal factors for persistent reduction of unsafe behavior[J]. Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management, 2023,30(2):478-495.
[5] ASILIAN-MAHABADI H, KHOSRAVI Y, HASSANZAD EH-RANGI N, et al. Factors affecting unsafe behavior in construction projects:Development and validation of a new questionnaire[J]. International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 2020, 26(2):219-226.
[6]王永刚，李选成，宋真真，等.基于SD的机场安检员不安全行为干预策略研究[J].安全与环境工程，2020, 27(6):187-191, 200.WANG Y G, LI X C, SONG Z Z, et al. Study on unsafe behavior intervention strategy of airport security inspectors based on SD[J]. Safety and Environmental Engineering, 2020, 27(6):187-191, 200.
[7]祁神军，成家磊，黄芹芹，等.安全态度、安全能力、不安全动机对建筑工人不安全行为的发生机理[J].华侨大学学报（自然科学版），2018, 39(5):669-674.QI S J, CHENG J L, HUANG Q Q, et al. Occurrence mechanism of safety attitude, safety capability and unsafety motivation to unsafe behavior for construction workers[J]. Journal of Huaqiao University(Natural Science), 2018, 39(5):669-674.
[8]佟瑞鹏，王露露，杨校毅，等.社会心理风险因素对工人行为安全影响机制研究[J].中国安全科学学报，2020, 30(8):18-24.TONG R P, WANG L L, YANG X Y, et al. Research on influence mechanism of PR on behavior based safety of workers[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2020, 30(8):18-24.
[9] GREENWALD A G, BANAJI M R. Implicit social cognition:Attitudes, self-esteem, and stereotypes[J]. Psychological Review, 1995, 102(1):4-27.
[10]廖国礼，王胜强，王鹰鹏，等.矿山企业从业人员安全态度调查设计与分析[J].中国安全生产科学技术，2014, 10(12):178-184.LIAO G L, WANG S Q, WANG Y P, et al. Survey design and analysis on safety attitude of mine enterprise employees[J].Journal of Safety Science and Technology, 2014, 10(12):178-184.
[11]刘家龙，刘彬彬，吴祥.煤矿工人安全态度测量量表编制[J].武汉理工大学学报（信息与管理工程版），2016, 38(2):164-167.LIU J L, LIU B B, WU X. The development of coal miner’s safety attitude scale[J]. Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Information&Management Engineering), 2016, 38(2):164-167.
[12]李红霞，李思琦.煤矿工人安全认知与不安全行为关系研究[J].煤矿安全，2017, 48(11):233-236.LI H X, LI S Q. Research on relationship between safety cognition and unsafe behavior of coal miners[J]. Safety in Coal Mines, 2017, 48(11):233-236.
[13]吴明证，杨福义.自尊结构与心理健康关系研究[J].中国临床心理学杂志，2006, 14(3):297-299.WU M Z, YANG F Y. Research on relationship between selfesteem structure and mental health[J]. Chinese Journal of Clinical Psychology, 2006, 14(3):297-299.
[14]BUHRMESTER M D, BLANTON H, JR SWANN W B.Implicit self-esteem:Nature, measurement, and a new way forward[J]. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 2011,100(2):365-385.
[15]刘丹.矿工内隐、外显自尊与不安全行为关系研究[D].西安：西安科技大学，2018.LIU D. Study on the Relationship between Miners’ Implicit and Explicit Self-esteem and Unsafe Behavior[D]. Xi’an:Xi’an University of Science and Technology, 2018.
[16]赵宇库.人的安全行为模式分析与评价研究[D].大连：大连交通大学，2014.ZHAO Y K. Analysis and Assessment Research for Human Safety Behavior Model[D]. Dalian:Dalian Jiaotong University, 2014.
[17]贺萍萍.矿工心理韧性对不安全行为的影响研究[D].西安：西安科技大学，2018.HE P P. Study on the Influence of Miner Resilience on Unsafe Behavior[D]. Xi’an:Xi’an University of Science and Technology, 2018.
[18]邢宝君，唐水清，李乃文，等.基于SC-IAT的矿工内隐安全态度研究[J].中国安全科学学报，2018, 28(5):18-23.XING B J, TANG S Q, LI N W, et al. Study on implicit safety attitude of miners based on SC-IAT[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2018, 28(5):18-23.
[19]刘晋，沈浩，刘卓慧，等.风险态度量表的中文版修订及应用[J].中国安全科学学报，2022, 32(10):25-30.LIU J, SHEN H, LIU Z H, et al. Revision and application of Chinese version of risk attitude scale[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2022, 32(10):25-30.
基本信息:
DOI：10.13578/j.cnki.issn.1671-1556.20230829
中图分类号:TU714
引用信息:
[1]刘晋,何漠然,沈浩等.建筑工人外显-内隐风险态度关系及其对不安全行为的影响[J].安全与环境工程,2024,31(05):1-7.DOI:10.13578/j.cnki.issn.1671-1556.20230829.
基金信息:
教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目（20YJCZH096）; 重庆市教育委员会科学技术研究重点项目（KJZD-K202101501）;重庆市教育委员会人文社会科学研究项目（23SKGH350）; 重庆市油气生产安全与风险控制重点实验室项目（cqsrc202114）; 重庆科技学院硕士研究生创新计划项目（YKJCX2220726）