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随着工程建设不断向深部地下空间发展，基于微震监测的岩爆预警技术日益受到重视。针对高地应力环境下硬脆性围岩的岩爆等动力地质灾害的预警问题，以西部某深埋隧道为工程背景，通过系统采集微震监测数据，结合统计分析和数值模拟方法，深入探究了岩爆灾害与微震监测参数之间的相关性。结果表明：(1)隧道开挖临近断层构造时，受应力集中效应的影响，微震事件数和能量均呈显著上升趋势；(2)经科尔莫戈罗夫-斯米尔诺夫(Kolmogorov-Smirnov,K-S)正态性检验发现，微震能量对数分布不符合正态分布假设；(3)相关性分析显示，在各岩爆预测参数中，视体积与微震能量对数具有最强的相关性(R2=0.86)，为采用视体积指标预测岩爆提供了依据；(4)通过对局部能量释放率(local energy release rate,LERR)的数值模拟发现，岩爆高风险区主要集中在掌子面边缘区域，与实际破坏区域高度吻合，这可归因于该区域围岩约束作用导致的应力集中效应。该研究结果可为深部地下工程岩爆预警提供理论支撑和实践指导。
Abstract：With the continuous development of engineering construction towards deep underground spaces, rockburst early warning technology based on microseismic monitoring has gained increasing attention. To address the prediction of dynamic geological disasters such as rockbursts in hard-brittle surrounding rock under high in-situ stress environments, this study takes a deep-buried tunnel in western China as the engineering background. Through systematic collection of microseismic monitoring data and integration of statistical analysis and numerical simulation methods, the correlation between rockburst disasters and microseismic monitoring parameters was thoroughly investigated. The results are as follows:(1) When tunnel excavation approaches fault structures, both the number of microseismic events and microseismic energy release show significant increasing trends due to stress concentration effects；(2) The Kolmogorov-Smirnov normality test reveals that the logarithmic distribution of microseismic energy does not conform to the normal distribution assumption；(3) Correlation analysis demonstrates that among various rockburst prediction parameters, apparent volume exhibits the strongest correlation with microseismic energy(R2 =0. 86), providing a foundation for using apparent volume indicators in rockburst prediction；(4) Numerical simulation of local energy release rate(LERR) values reveals that high-risk rockburst zones are primarily concentrated at the tunnel face periphery, which highly corresponds with actual failure zones. This can be attributed to stress concentration effects caused by surrounding rock confinement in these areas. This research provides theoretical support and practical guidance for rockburst early warning in deep underground engineering projects.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.13578/j.cnki.issn.1671-1556.20250169
中图分类号:U451.2;U456
引用信息:
[1]刘晓芬,李凤琼,徐建,等.基于微震监测的深埋隧道围岩脆性破坏能量特征[J].安全与环境工程,2025,32(05):47-55+87.DOI:10.13578/j.cnki.issn.1671-1556.20250169.
基金信息:
国家自然科学基金项目(52409146); 云南省科技人才与平台计划项目(202305AK34003)