nav emailalert searchbtn searchbox tablepage yinyongbenwen piczone journalimg searchdiv qikanlogo popupnotification paper
2025 02 v.32 41-49
基于地震动数据的西藏定日6.8级地震震害初步分析
基金项目(Foundation):
邮箱(Email): zhao_33333@126.com;
DOI: 10.13578/j.cnki.issn.1671-1556.20250115
中文作者单位:

应急管理部国家自然灾害防治研究院;西藏自治区地震局;

摘要(Abstract):

2025年1月7日西藏定日6.8级地震造成了严重的人员伤亡和财产损失。为分析此次地震造成严重震害的原因,从地震动的角度,对震中附近100 km范围内地震预警数据进行了分析。结果表明:(1)沿断层破裂方向地震动衰减较慢,能量高且集中在很短时间内,极易对地表建/构筑物造成破坏;垂直断层/背离断层破裂方向地震动衰减较快,能量较小且比较分散;(2)地震动的这种空间分布特征源自断层破裂方向性效应的影响,历史震例数据表明受方向性效应影响的地震动一般会造成比较严重的震害;(3)震中附近浅表松散地层对地震动具有放大效应,在一定程度上也会加重震害。本文工作可为定日地震的震害认识以及灾后重建工作提供参考。

关键词(KeyWords): 定日地震;震害;地震动数据;地震预警;断层破裂;方向性效应
参考文献

[1]新华社.定日县6. 8级地震[EB/OL].(2025-01-14)[2025-02-17]. http://www. xz. xinhuanet. com/20250114/b326897885d84a30b0026ef5949dcf2b/c. html.Xinhua News Agency. M6. 8 Earthquake in Dingri County[EB/OL].(2025-01-14)[2025-02-17]. http://www. xz. xinhuanet.com/20250114/b326897885d84a30b0026ef5949dcf2b/c. html.

[2]中国地震局.应急管理部中国地震局发布西藏定日6. 8级地震烈度图[EB/OL].(2025-01-10)[2025-02-17]. https://www. cea. gov. cn/cea/dzpd/dzzt/5789988/5789989/5790715/index. html.China Earthquake Administration. Ministry of Emergency Management of China, China Earthquake Administration Published the Intensity Map for the Dingri 6. 8 Earthquake in Xizang[EB/OL].(2025-01-10)[2025-02-17]. https://www.cea. gov. cn/cea/dzpd/dzzt/5789988/5789989/5790715/index.html.

[3]新华网.西藏日喀则地震灾区通信信号抢通恢复[EB/OL].(2025-01-07)[2025-02-17]. https://app. xinhuanet. com/news/article. html? articleId=def50c135fc821271db43b3a701fdcdc×tamp=33012.Xinhuanet. Recovery of Communication Signals in Earthquake Striken Areas in Rikaze, Xizang[EB/OL].(2025-01-07)[2025-02-17]. https://app. xinhuanet. com/news/article. html?articleId=def50c135fc821271db43b3a701fdcdc×tamp=33012.

[4]央视新闻.西藏定日震中移动网络、电力已全部恢复187个安置点转移安置4. 6万余人[EB/OL].(2025-01-08)[2025-02-17].https://baijiahao. baidu. com/s?id=182065174645990 1387.CCTV news. Mobile Network and Electric Power in the Epicenter Area of Dingri, Xizang Have Been Fully Restored,and over 46 000 People Have Been Relocated to 187Resettlement Sites[EB/OL].(2025-01-08)[2025-02-17].https://baijiahao. baidu. com/s?id=1820651746459901387.

[5]界面快报.西藏受灾县基站全部抢通,灾区群众用水需求已基本满足[EB/OL].(2025-01-13)[2025-02-17]. https://www.jiemian. com/article/12242370. html.Jiemian Express. All Base Stations in the Disaster-affected Counties in Xizang Have Been Restored, and the Water Supply of the Affected Population Has Been Generally Met[EB/OL].(2025-01-13)[2025-02-17]. https://www. jiemian. com/article/12242370. html.

[6]科普中国. 126人遇难、188人受伤,西藏定日县地震,人员遇难比例为何如此高?[EB/OL].(2025-01-09)[2025-02-17].https://baijiahao. baidu. com/s? id=1820775194584984272&wfr=baike.China Science Communication. 126 People Were Killed and188 Injured in the Dingri Earthquake in Xizang. Why Was the Fatality Rate so High?[EB/OL].(2025-01-09)[2025-02-17].https://baijiahao. baidu. com/s? id=1820775194584984272&wfr=baike.

[7]金台资讯.西藏定日地震72小时余震超1 600次[EB/OL].(2025-01-10)[2025-02-17]. https://baijiahao. baidu. com/s?id=1820838829529583448&wfr=baike.Jintai Information. More than 1 600 Aftershocks of the Dingri Earthquake in 72 Hour[EB/OL].(2025-01-10)[2025-02-17]. https://baijiahao. baidu. com/s?id=1820838829529583448&wfr=baike.

[8]环球网.日喀则全面完成西藏定日6. 8级地震地质灾害应急排查工作[EB/OL].(2025-01-15)[2025-02-17]. https://baijiahao. baidu. com/s? id=1821324245261306116&wfr=spi der&for=pc.Huanqiu. com. Rikaze Fully Completed the Emergency Investigation of Geological Disasters Caused by the Dingri 6. 8-magnitude Earthquake[EB/OL].(2025-01-15)[2025-02-17].https://baijiahao. baidu. com/s? id=1821324245261306116&wfr=spider&for=pc.

[9]中国地震灾害防御中心. 2025年1月7日西藏定日6. 8级地震发生的地质构造背景[EB/OL].(2025-01-10)[2025-02-17].https://mp. weixin. qq. com/s/R98iqfLIwW_fAEjb5roe7g.China Earthquake Disaster Prevention Center. Geological Structural Background of the M6. 8 Earthquake in Dingri,Xizang on January 7, 2025[EB/OL].(2025-01-10)[2025-02-17].https://mp. weixin. qq. com/s/R98iqfLIwW_fAEjb5ro e7g.

[10]国家自然灾害防治研究院. 2025年1月7日西藏定日6. 8级地震发生的地质构造背景[EB/OL].(2025-01-10)[2025-02-17]. https://mp. weixin. qq. com/s/E3LVy6xPClDPinYu30zt0w.National Institute of Natural Hazards. Tectonic Setting of the M6. 8 Earthquake in Dingri, Xizang, on January 7,2025[EB/OL].(2025-01-10)[2025-02-17]. https://mp. weixin. qq.com/s/E3LVy6xPClDPinYu30zt0w.

[11]中国地震局地球物理研究所.地球物理所影像解译西藏定日6. 8级地震的地表破裂特征[EB/OL].(2025-01-07)[2025-02-17]. https://mp. weixin. qq. com/s/nK8ITC2p7roAJgQbAv RLdA.Institute of Geophysics, China Earthquake Administration.Image Interpretation of Surface Rupture Characteristics of the Dingri M6. 8 Earthquake in Xizang Interpreted by the Institute of Geophysics[EB/OL].(2025-01-07)[2025-02-17]. https://mp. weixin. qq. com/s/nK8ITC2p7roAJgQbAvRLdA.

[12]中国地震局.西藏定日6. 8级地震应急服务产品技术图件[EB/OL].(2025-01-09)[2025-02-17]. http://www. cea.gov. cn/cea/xwzx/365134/5790366/index. html.China Earthquake Adminisration. Earthquake Emergency Service Products for the Dingri 6. 8-magnitude EarthquakeTechnical Maps and Figures[EB/OL].(2025-01-09)[2025-02-17]. http://www. cea. gov. cn/cea/xwzx/365134/5790366/index. html.

[13]石峰,梁明剑,罗全星,等. 2025年1月7日西藏定日6. 8级地震发震构造与同震地表破裂特征[J].地震地质,2025, 47(1):1-5.SHI F, LIANG M J, LUO Q X, et al. Seismogenic fault and coseismic surface deformation of the Dingri M_S6.8 earthquake in Tibet, China[J]. Seismology and Geology, 2025, 47(1):1-15.

[14]胡聿贤.地震工程学[M]. 2版.北京:地震出版社,2006.HU Y X. Earthquake Engineering[M]. 2nd Edition. Beijing:Seismological Press, 2006.

[15]BOLT B A. Duration of strong ground motion[C]//Proceedings of the 5th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering. Rome, Italy:Palazzo dei Congressi Press, 1973:1304-1313.

[16]ARIAS A. A measure of earthquake intensity[M]//HANSEN R J. Seismic Design for Nuclear Power Plants. Cambridge,Massachusetts:Institute of Technology Press, 1970:438-483.

[17]王秀英.地震滑坡灾害快速评估技术及对应急影响研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2010, 29(10):2159.WANG X Y. Study of fast evaluation technique of earthquakeinduced landslides and their effects on earthquake emergency rescue[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2010, 29(10):2159.

[18]HALL J F, HEATON T H, HALLING M W, et al. Nearsource ground motion and its effects on flexible buildings[J].Earthquake Spectra, 1995, 11(4):569-605.

[19]AKI K. Local site effects on weak and strong ground motion[J]. Tectonophysics, 1993, 218(1/2/3):93-111.

[20]STEIDL J H. Variation of site response at the UCSB dense array of portable accelerometers[J]. Earthquake Spectra, 1993,9(2):289-302.

[21]MURPHY J R, DAVIS A H, WEAVER N L. Amplification of seismic body waves by low-velocity surface layers[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 1971, 61(1):109-145.

[22]YOUD T. Liquefaction, flow, and associated ground failure[R]//Geological Survey Circular 688. Washington, DC:US Geological Survey,1973.

[23]王维铭,孙锐,曹振中,等.国内外地震液化场地特征对比研究[J].岩土力学,2010, 31(12):3913-3918, 3927.WANG W M, SUN R, CAO Z Z, et al. Comparative study of features of liquefied sites at home and abroad[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2010, 31(12):3913-3918, 3927.

[24]陈建伟,苏经宇,苏幼坡.场地地震液化的主要影响因素分析[J].安全与环境工程,2013, 20(4):18-22.CHEN J W, SU J Y, SU Y P. Analysis of the main influence factors in site liquefaction caused by the earthquake[J]. Safety and Environmental Engineering, 2013, 20(4):18-22.

[25]BERTERO V V, MAHIN S A, HERRERA R A. Aseismic design implications of near-fault San Fernando earthquake records[J]. Earthquake Engineering&Structural Dynamics,1978, 6(1):31-42.

[26]SOMERVILLE P, GRAVES R, SMITH N. Forward rupture directivity in the Kobe and Northridge earthquakes, and implications for structural engineering[J]. Seismological Research Letters, 1996, 67(2):551996.

[27]BRAY J D, RODRIGUEZ-MAREK A. Characterization of forward-directivity ground motions in the near-fault region[J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, 2004, 24(11):815-828.

[28]PHUNG V, ATKINSON G M, LAU D T. Characterization of directivity effects observed during 1999 Chi-Chi, Taiwan earthquake[C]//13th World Conference of Earthquake Engineering. Vancouver, Canada:Canadian Association for Earthquake Engineering, 2004:2740.

[29]胡进军,谢礼立.汶川地震近场加速度基本参数的方向性特征[J].地球物理学报,2011, 54(10):2581-2589.HU J J, XIE L L. Directivity in the basic parameters of the nearfield acceleration ground motions during the Wenchuan earthquake[J]. Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 2011, 54(10):2581-2589.

[30]RODRIGUEZ-MAREK A, BRAY J D. Seismic site response for near-fault forward directivity ground motions[J]. Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, 2006, 132(12):1611-1620.

[31]CHIOCCARELLI E, IERVOLINO I. Near-source seismic demand and pulse-like records:A discussion for L’Aquila earthquake[J]. Earthquake Engineering&Structural Dynamics, 2010, 39(9):1039-1062.

[32]SOMERVILLE P G, SMITH N F, GRAVES R W, et al.Modification of empirical strong ground motion attenuation relations to include the amplitude and duration effects of rupture directivity[J]. Seismological Research Letters, 1997, 68(1):199-222.

基本信息:

DOI:10.13578/j.cnki.issn.1671-1556.20250115

中图分类号:P315.9

引用信息:

[1]王秀英,旦增,赵国存等.基于地震动数据的西藏定日6.8级地震震害初步分析[J].安全与环境工程,2025,32(02):41-49.DOI:10.13578/j.cnki.issn.1671-1556.20250115.

基金信息:

检 索 高级检索

引用

GB/T 7714-2015 格式引文
MLA格式引文
APA格式引文